Kuiz Sains Tambahan Tingkatan 5 Bab 3 Set 1

SELAMAT DATANG Kuiz Sains Tambahan Tingkatan 5 Bab 3 Set 1

Sebatian Karbon Dalam Kehidupan (English)

KUIZ INI MENGANDUNGI 10 SOALAN

In the transesterification process to produce biodiesel, what is the role of substances like potassium hydroxide (KOH) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH)?

They are a byproduct of the reaction.

They act as a catalyst.

They are the alcohol source.

They are the main reactant with the oil.

None

Which organization in Malaysia is mentioned as regulating the nation's palm oil industry and commercializing biodiesel production technology?

Centre for Education, Training and Research in Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (CETREE)

Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)

Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB)

Ministry of Environment and Water (KASA)

None

Which of the following product categories is listed as a use for glycerol, the byproduct of biodiesel production?

Pharmaceuticals, such as baby creams and sunscreens.

Automotive lubricants for engines.

Construction materials, like cement and bricks.

Electronic components, like circuits and wires.

None

Under what conditions does the process of oxidation primarily occur in palm oil, leading to its degradation?

Storing the oil in a cool, dark place.

Adding antioxidants to the oil before use.

Mixing the oil with water at room temperature.

Heating the oil to a very high temperature and reusing it for frying multiple times.

None

Besides cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, the text mentions that glycerol is processed into polyglycerol for use as what?

A primary ingredient for making plastic.

A natural pesticide

An emulsifier in food and cosmetic products.

A biofuel additive to increase octane

None

What is a direct environmental consequence of improperly disposing of used cooking oil down the drain, as highlighted by the benefits of recycling it?

Improving the quality of drinking water.

Reducing air pollution.

Increasing soil fertility

Clogging of drainage systems.

None

During the transesterification of used palm oil to produce biodiesel, what is the primary byproduct that can be repurposed for industries like cosmetics and pharmaceuticals?

Methanol

Water

Free fatty acids

Glycerol

None

When used palm oil is heated in the presence of water vapor, it can break down into glycerol and free fatty acids. What is this chemical process called?

Oxidation

Polymerization

Hydrolysis

Transesterification

None

What is the primary environmental advantage of biodiesel produced from used palm oil when compared to conventional fossil diesel?

It produces more energy per liter.

It releases a lower carbon footprint.

It prevents acid rain entirely.

It is completely free of harmful emissions.

None

10.

What is the typical yield of glycerol, as a percentage, for every ton of biodiesel produced?

10% – 12%

20% – 25%

5% – 7%

1% – 2%

None

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